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Ausschnitt aus dem Kapitel: The Gulfstream Project – Meeting the Pipe Supply Challenge
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| under water. In addition, approximately 467 km (290 miles) of pipe network is required for the onshore part. The offshore beauftragen. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Stahl, Blechund Rohrherstellung, die Beschichtung, die Rohrverlegung und die Logistik, die dieses ehrgeizige Projekt erforderte. Unterwasserstrecke von 703 km (473 Meilen). Zusätzlich wird an Land ein Rohrleitungsnetzwerk von 467 km (290 Meilen) benötigt. Der Offshore Teil der GolfstromRohrleitung erforderte die Einhaltung eines extrem strengen Produktionsund Lieferzeitplanes. Es war daher erforderlich, alle drei Europipe–Berg Großrohrwerke zu 475 3R international (42) Heft 7/2003 FACHBERICHTE The Gulfstream Project – Meeting the Pipe Supply Challenge Das Golfstromprojekt – Eine commitments, the pipe production schedule was very demanding. Gulfstream’s schedule combined with challenging shipping and handling logistics, resulted in a Mobile, Alabama area to Port Manatee, Florida. Dr.Ing. HansGeorg Hillenbrand Sen. Manager Technical Sales, Europipe GmbH, Ratingen, Germany, Tel. 49(0)2102/857135, it was clear that additional natural gas capacity was required. During this time several projections existed which would encourage plans OffshoreProjekt, das jemals am Golf von Mexiko gebaut wurde. Die Hochdruckgasleitung überquert den Golf vom Bereich Mobile nach Tampa; eine traverses onshore through southern Florida. The total project required approximately 1046 km (650 miles) of large diameter line pipe. Europipe diameter longitudinal seam submerged arc welded linepipe for the Gulfstream Pipeline Project. The Gulfstream Pipeline was originally developed by Coastal high pressure gas pipeline traverses the Gulf from the Mobile area to Tampa, a distance of 703 km (437 miles) n If all 10000 MW were sourced from natural gas, an additional 42.8 Mm3/day (1.5 Bcf/day) of natural gas would EMail: hansgeorg. hillenbrand@rtg.europipe.com Carmen Norris Technical Sales Representative, Berg Steel Pipe Corp., Houston, TX, USA Tel. 1(713)4651600 EMail: carmen@bergpipe.com Fig next decade. n To meet the population growth, an additional 10000 MW of electrical generation would be needed by 2008. Herausforderung an die Rohrindustrie The Gulfstream project is the largest offshore project ever built in the Gulf of Mexico. The three Europipe – Berg largediameter pipe mills. This paper discusses the steel, plate and pipe making, coating, pipelaying, and logistics generation to supplying 43 % a 24 % increase. With these projections verified, three pipeline projects were proposed in 1997/1998 Ein Ziel war es, die verschiedenen Produktionstechnologien zu vergleichen, z. B. UO und Dreiwalzenbiegen, expandiertes und nicht expandiertes Rohr. Der Einfluss der verschiedenen Produktionswege auf die Rohreigenschaften kann vernachlässigt werden. Introduction During 2001 and 2002, the Europipe Group manufactured large nonexpanded pipe. The influence of the different production routes on the pipe properties is negligible. Das Golfstromprojekt ist das größte Corporation/ANR Pipeline and was sold to the partnership of Williams Gas Pipeline and Duke Energy in February 2001. The natural the incremental demand for electric energy: n Gulfstream Natural Gas System – Proposed by Coastal Corporation/ANR Pipeline. Offshore route from involved in this ambitious project. One objective was to compare the different production technologies like UO and ThreeRollBending, expanded and early ventures came to fruition. Still, Florida’s population continued to grow at a rapid pace and by the mid 1990’s . 1 : Route of the Gulfstream line B i ld 1 : Die Trasse der GolfstromPipeline portion of the Gulfstream Pipeline required the most stringent production and delivery schedule. Therefore it was necessary to introduce all landmark project for the Europipe Group. Why build a major transmission line into Florida? As early as the mid 1980’s, be required. n From 2000 to 2008, natural gas was expected to grow from supplying 19 % of Florida’s electrical companies have explored building a pipeline into Florida. Due to lack of firm market and environmental obstacles, none of the manufacturing facilities in Panama City, Florida, Mülheim, Germany and Dunkerque, France participated in the project. Because of gas supply contractual to primarily serve the Florida utilities and power generation facilities that planned on using highefficiency, natural gas turbines to meet gas pipeline extends from the Mobile, Alabama area, crosses the Gulf of Mexico, makes landfall at Port Manatee, Florida and for construction of a new pipeline: n Florida’s population was expected to add more than 2.4 million people over the |
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| pipeline servicing Florida in more than 40 years. n The largest gas transmission pipeline ever built in the Gulf of Florida n Onshore – Approximately 467 km (290 miles) of onshore transmission and distribution lines by 2003/2004. Phase I requires was based on utilizing each of Europipe’s manufacturing facilities for pipe production and delivering corrosioncoated pipe to Mobile, Alabama and Mexico. n The first interstate pipeline in the Gulf of Mexico. n The first offshore pipeline to come onshore in of all large diameter pipe requirements. Immediately after receipt of the purchase order, the pipe production was organized among the 2003/2004. Gulfstream has supply area reserves of 642 billion m3 (22.7 trillion cubic feet). The 26 km (16 miles) gathering resulted in several pipe size and quantity changes. The Europipe group accommodated these late changes and began steel production as issued a comprehensive quotation to Coastal/ANR for supply of the large diameter pipe requirements for the Gulfstream Project. Berg’s proposal (36 x 0.820) X70 followed by 914 mm x 22.0 mm (36 x 0.868) X70 at 19 %. The remaining Materialfluss of that purchase, sold the Gulfstream Natural Gas System to the partnership of Williams Gas Pipeline and Duke Energy. Gulfstream and caused Williams to abandon their Buccaneer Pipeline. In January 2001, El Paso Corp. purchased Coastal/ANR and, as a result flows through Station 200 Regulator station and the pressure is regulated from 15 MPa to 10 MPa (2,180 psi to diameter line pipe requirements included as the main quantity of the Offshore Line 914 mm O.D. x 20.8 mm WT Europipe Group Facilities. The official purchase of the Gulfstream Natural Gas System by the partnership of Williams/Duke in January 2001 Alabama area to Pasco County, Florida. n Sawgrass Pipeline System – Proposed by Duke Energy. Onshore route from Coden, Alabama, had received approval for their landfall location in Port Manatee. These two factors spurred the development of the Gulfstream system 31.8 mm. The offshore portion of the Gulfstream Pipeline required the most stringent production and delivery schedule and is the Florida. Because of Florida’s stringent environmental regulations, Duke’s onshore proposal was not viable and, therefore, Duke dropped their Sawgrass System 24, 30 and 36) line pipe and 13 meter stations. Line Pipe Order Award In January 2000, Berg Steel Pipe 257 km (160 miles) in service by June 2002 and Phase II requires 209 km (130 miles) in service in Port Manatee, Florida. Berg received a LetterofIntent in March 2000 and a firm purchase order in November 2000 for production system draws gas from the Destin pipeline system in Mississippi and various other plants, terminating at the newly constructed compression Alabama. n Offshore 703 km (437 miles) of 914 mm (36) offshore pipeline from Mississippi Sound, Alabama to Tampa Bay, across the Florida panhandle and into central/southern Florida. During the next two years, each company sought rightofway and market in Compression One compressor station in Coden, Alabama. n Gathering Approximately 26 km (16 miles) of gathering line in Mississippi and 476 3R international (42) Heft 7/2003 FACHBERICHTE n Buccaneer Pipeline – Proposed by Williams Gas Pipeline. Offshore route from Mobile, over their landfall location in Pasco County. By late 2000, Gulfstream had secured a solid customer base in Florida and mm (2.63 to 3.75) and specified densities up to 3294 kg/m3 (205 pcf). The line was installed in water depths t of 914 mm x 21 mm (36 x 0.820) X70 item was split among the three facilities. Berg Pipe produced 159436 short t of 914 mm x 21 Fig . 2 : Material flow B i ld 2 : 7 (79,400 HP) are operating. Once compressed to a maximum design pressure of 15 MPa (2,180 psi), the gas flows proposal and joined Williams as a partner in the Buccaneer Pipeline in February 2000. However, the Buccaneer Pipeline encountered resistance up to 244 m (800 ft) with buckle arrestors installed at 557 m (1500 ft.) intervals. Once onshore, the gas line, designed for stability in a 100year storm, is concrete weight coated with concrete thicknesses ranging from 67 to 95 17 % of the pipeline is 914 mm (36) heavy wall material. Just four months after purchase order placement, Mülheim consists of three compressors – two operating, one spare. A total of 87 MW (119,100 HP) was installed, 58 MW plant (Station 410) in Coden, Alabama. Station 410 is the sole compressor station for the Gulfstream Natural Gas System. It million Florida homes. At a total project cost of $ 1.6 billion, the Gulfstream pipeline consists of the following: n in X70 and of the Onshore section 762 mm and 914 mm O.D. with a wall thickness between 11.2 and early as February 2001 – just one month after the changes and 3 months after purchase order issuance. Gulfstream large Natural Gas System The Gulfstream Pipeline, shown in Bildigure 1, would result in several “Florida firsts”: n The first new focus of this paper. The majority of the offshore line, 64 % by footage, is 914 mm x 20.8 mm into the offshore pipeline, which consists of approximately 703 km (437 miles) of 914 mm (36) line pipe. The offshore 1,480 psi) (onshore design pressure). The onshore line consists of 406 mm, 610 mm, 762 mm and 914 mm (16, and Dunkerque began pipe production. Berg Pipe began production one month later, in April 2001. Production of the 236600 short Florida. Gulfstream is designed to supply 31.4 million m3/day (1.1 Bcf/day) of natural gas, enough to provide electricity for 4.5 |
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| per week. DSAW Pipe Manufacturing The Europipe Group produces doublesubmerged arc welded (DSAW) steel pipe, however, different production processes are used at each facility to achieve the same end product. DSAW Pipe Manufacturing consists of three basic production processes: n the offshore tonnage – 53556 short t of 914 mm x 21 mm (36 x 0.820) X70 and 18131 short km (44 miles) per week. Mülheim works, with the largest mill capacity, produced up to almost 32 km (20 miles) of the following process steps: n Edge Planing: Longitudinal edges of plate are beveled for welding with parallel planers into Sie sind von DN 4 bis DN 900 für Druckbereiche bis Class 2500 erhältlich und erfüllen bis 100 bar die Werner Böhmer GmbH Maschinenfabrik Postfach 9112 20, D45537 Sprockhövel Gedulderweg 95, D45549 Sprockhövel Internet http://www.boehmer.de eMail boehmer@boehmer.de Tel. 49 (0) supply chain from slab material to coated pipe was vital to the success of the project. Figure 2 details the With all three mills operating on a threeshift basis, the Europipe Group was able to supply a maximum of 70.8 a double ‘V’ shape. n Edge Crimping: Longitudinal edges of plate are bent in controlled steps over the entire length. 2001. When operating in unison, the three pipe laying vessels could lay between 8 to 10 km (5 to 6 Forming n Welding n Finishing Forming The Mülheim and Dunkerque forming process, generally referred to as the U&O method, consists the ownership or subsidiary level. The pipe production schedule was based on the offshore laying schedule, which began in June miles) per day. Enough concrete coated pipe had to be available to supply the three lay barges continuously. As depicted 23 24 / 70 010, Fax 49 (0) 23 24 / 70 0179 Kugelsicher sowie gasdicht im mobilen und stationären in the below table and chart, the Europipe Group supplied approximately 715 km (444 miles) of pipe in 32 weeks. t 914 mm x 22 mm (36 x 0.868) X70. Because of the demanding pipe delivery schedule, a smoothly operating 477 3R international (42) Heft 7/2003 mm (36 x 0.820) X70 – 42 % of the total offshore tonnage. Mülheim small quantity of slabs. All other suppliers involved with the Gulfstream project have organizational ties to Europipe – either at 300 bar und Temperaturbereiche von 40°C bis 70°C lieferbar. Fragen Sie nach unseren KugelhahnLösungen für die Gasversorgung. short t of 914 mm x 21 mm (36 x 0.820) X70. Dunkerque works produced the remaining 19 % of Einsatz In der allgemeinen Gasversorgung, bei der Erdverlegung (Unterirdischer Einbau), an Erdgasund Druckgasbehältern, bei Tankstellen und an Fahrzeugen gewinnen Sicherheitsund works produced 39 % of the offshore tonnage consisting of a of the heavy wall items as well as 19608 Qualitätsaspekte stetig an Bedeutung! BÖHMER Kugelhähne für diese Anwendungsbereiche werden daher kontinuierlich weiterentwickelt und den Umfeldbedingungen der Praxis optimal angepaßt. Sicherheitsanforderungen der DINDVGW. Die Nennweiten 10 und 12 aus Stahl und Edelstahl sind mit BAMBauartzulassung nach TRG für Betriebsdrücke bis suppliers involved in each phase of production. Ispat Mexicana S.A. de C.V. (Imexsa) in Lazaro Cardenas, Michoacan, Mexico provided a |
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| and matching hourglass roll crimp the longitudinal edges. Welding Both the U&O and Roll forming methods employ the same basic referred to as the threeroll bending process, consists of the following process steps: n Edge Planing: Longitudinal edges of plate permits higher travel speeds and reduced heat input. The long molten weld puddle buried under the welding flux allows more O method undergo expansion to restore the yield strength loss incurred during forming and, additionally, to uniformly shape the pipe. counter this loss and achieves a uniform shape through rolling and sizing process steps. Finishing The Europipe facilities begin the 478 3R international (42) Heft 7/2003 FACHBERICHTE n UPress: Plate is formed into a Ushape by a press in a is guided by means of tandem guide wheels along the inside groove. A wires feed into a single arc puddle. time for impurities such as slag and porosity to escape before weld solidification, resulting in a cleaner weld. The Europipe are planed to the correct plate width and beveled to create a double ‘V’ groove. n Roll Forming: Plate is 4 5 Fig . 3 : Out of Roundness Results B i ld 3 : Ovalitätswerte Dunkerque Berg Stt teell l P ipe Number of outside SAW Stations 8 4 2 Number of Wires used 4 ensure good roundness throughout the full pipe length. After the expansion and sizing steps, the Europipe facilities’ finishing processes mirror transported past the welding head. The pipe is positioned with the weld groove in the 6:00 position – welding head proper alignment for welding and to provide continuous backing for subsequent inside submerged arc welding. The tack weld is consumed l P ipe Number of Inside SAW Stations 8 4 3 Number of Wires used 3 4 4 Tabe 2 1.5 %. Berg follows inprocess inspection with sizing. Opposing hourglass rolls, each made of three independently moving sections, ‘round’ each by the subsequent inside and outside submerged arc welding process. n Inside Submerged Arc Welding: Achieved in single pass with : Outside Submerged Arc Welding Tab . 2 : UPSchweißen aussen Europ ipe – Müll lHe im Europ ipe – number of wires as indicated in Tabe 1. During inside welding, the welding boom is stationary while the pipe is inspection with mechanical expansion. The inside surface of the pipe is cleaned with a highpressure water jet to remove loose is rolled in a controlled number of “passes” until a can is formed. n Crimping: A hydraulically cushioned top ball welding head is guided by means of a laser tracking system. Welding with multiple wires on the inside and outside welding steps: n Tack Welding: A single wire GMAW process is used full length to secure the plate edges in facilities have similar finishing processes except for one key factor – mechanical expansion. Usually pipe formed by the U & each other: n EndFacing: Bevel and the “land” are machined at the pipe ends. Tabe 1 : Inside Submerged Arc Welding Tab . 1 : UPSchweißen innen Europ ipe – Müll lHe im Europ ipe – Dunkerque Berg Stt teell particles that could damage the pipe surface during expansion. The expansion process is performed using two internal expander heads with the pipe is transported past the welding head. The pipe is positioned with the weld in the 12:00 position – finishing process with inprocess inspection: Inside and outside welds are visually inspected. Any surface imperfections are ground. Realtime Xray or A loss of yield strength occurs during threeroll bending, however, Berg orders plate to a high enough yield strength to pipe at both pipe ends resulting in uniform diameters and roundness. Pipe are transported full length through the rolls to formed into a can by threeroll bending. Plate enters sideways between a top roll and two powerdriven bottom rolls and Ultrasonic inspection is used along the weld seam to permit early detection of welding anomalies. Mülheim and Dunkerque follow inprocess n Outside Submerged Arc Welding: Achieved in single pass with number of wires as indicated in Tabe 2. Outside weld penetrates into the inside weld and completely consumes the tack weld. During outside welding, the welding equipment is stationary while the weld positioned in a groove. The pipe is expanded stepwise over the entire length. The maximum percent expansion is single step. n OPress: Plate is formed into a can by a press in a single step. Berg’s forming process, |
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| product measured in SI (Metric) units versus product measured in U.S. Customary units. As previously mentioned, each facility produced a were between 2740 mm and 2741 mm. The results from Dunkerque works, in particular, were extremely consistent (Figure 4). Fig within 610 mm (24”) of pipe ends. n Instrument(s): Caliper. n Gulfstream Specification Requirement: 1% Maximum Difference in Diameters (36” B i ld 5 : Ergebnisse der PeakingMessungen 479 3R international (42) Heft 7/2003 FACHBERICHTE n NonDestructive Testing: Nondestructive testing steps consists of hydrostatic testing, automatic ultrasonic testing 5 mm, 2.5 mm ( 1/16”, 1/32”) (36” O.D. x 0.820” W.T. = I.D. 873 mm (34.36”); I.D. Circumference = O.D. = 914.4 mm O.D., 1% Max Difference = 9.144 mm). The majority of the measurements at each facility were pipe end (North and South). In this section, the following dimensional measurements will be reviewed: n outofroundness, n inside diameter . 4 : Pipe Circumference Results B i ld 4 : Rohrumfangsergebnisse Fig . 5 : Results of Peaking measurement while Mülheim and Dunkerque employ robotic stencil machines. Comparison of Dimensional and Mechanical Properties – Expanded vs. NonExpanded Line Pipe comparative dimensional analysis was performed on the line pipe. The study parameters were as follows: n One person performed all dimensional measurements involved in the study using the same tools. n Twenty pipes were measured at each facility on each at pipe ends and n peaking. Also some tensile properties will be compared. OutofRoundness n Measurement Description: Measurement of outofroundness particle inspection. n Stenciling: Pipes are marked per customer’s specification. Berg Pipe uses a laser stencil machine for pipe marking of the longitudinal weld seam, radiographic examination of the weld area at each pipe end, ultrasonic inspection of the pipe certain quantity of 914 mm x 20.8 mm (36 x 0.820) X70 line pipe. During production of this material, a ends, and final visual inspection. Berg Pipe also offers pipe body ultrasonic inspection and Europipe offers full body wet magnetic Measurement of inside diameter within 101.6 mm (4”) of pipe ends. n Instrument(s): ID Pi Tape. n Gulfstream Specification Requirement: between 2 mm and 3 mm (0.3 %) maximum difference (Figure 3). Inside Diameter at Pipe Ends n Measurement Description: Gulfstream provided a unique opportunity for Europipe facilities to compare end products – expanded versus nonexpanded material as well as 2742 mm (107.6”); Tolerance = 5 mm (2747 mm), 2.5 mm (2739.5 mm. The majority of measurements at each facility |
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| 480 3R international (42) Heft 7/2003 FACHBERICHTE Peaking Measurement Description: Measurement of peaking at the weld seam. n Instrument(s): Peak l YS s TS s Y/T s N Berg Steel Pipe 509.3 16.4 631.6 13.3 0.81 0.02 653 Muelheim Works Waterway. The barges moved in dedicated tows with two to three barges per toM. All shipments from Berg Steel Pipe for offshore items were shipped to Mobile, Alabama. The average transit time from Panama City, Florida to Mobile, Alabama was mills involved produced pipes with values in an appropriate scatter band. Expanded and nonexpanded pipes exhibited comparable values, all meeting The vessels averaged 183 m (600 ft.) in length and were capable of hauling up to 25 000 short t. the stockpile sites. Pipe delivery was completed just 33 weeks after production start as Figure 6 indicates. A total of The first shipment from Mülheim arrived at Middle Bay Port in Mobile, Alabama on April 15, 2001. Shipments from Mülheim in thicknesses ranging from 66.8 to 95.3 mm (2.63” to 3.75”). Pipe Shipment & Offloading Shipments from Mülheim were loaded even so, Lay Barge 200, the largest pipe laying vessel used in the project, set a world record during the pipe into vessels. The use of vacuum cranes allowed for very precise stacking and storage within the vessel. The average 399 km (248 miles) of pipe was shipped in 16 vessels from Mülheim and Dunkerque to the Gulf of Mexico. eb Pipe Coating in Panama City, Florida applied the following coatings to the Gulfstream line pipe: n External FBE: 356 mm to 0.8 mm, as shown in Figure 5. As is apparent by the above comparative analysis, the dimensional measurements transit time from the European ports to the Gulf of Mexico ports was 14 to 17 days. Shipments from Berg 11.5 0.86 0.01 286 Fig . 6 : Pipe delivery B i ld 6 : Rohrlieferung in Port of Bremen while shipments from Dunkerque were loaded in Port of Dunkerque. Shipments from both Ports were shipped project welding 274 doublejoints (548 single joints) in 24 hours. This record could not have been achieved without dimensionally consistent gauge. n Gulfstream Specification Requirement: 1.6 mm (1/16”) maximum. The majority of the results from each facility were between 0.3 barg loads from Panama City, Florida, to Mobile, Alabama. Berg began shipment week May 8, 2001 and completed delivery week line pipe. Tensile Properties Comparing the data from the transversal and the longitudinal tensile tests it is obvious that all Efficiency Coating: 38 my (1.5 mils) minimum Because each pipe coating applicator is located adjacent to the pipe manufacturing facility, the requirements of the API Grade X 70 (Tabe 3). Pipe Coating Eupec Pipe Coatings at Mülheim and Dunkerque and 15.5 607.6 12.0 0.84 0.02 653 Muelheim Works 519.0 13.0 610.6 7.8 0.85 0.02 3169 Dunkerque Works 515.5 11.8 600.0 of October 16, 2001. Tabe 4 summarizes the pipe shipment details from each facility. Tabe 3 : Tensile Properties (914 This fact was proven during offshore pipe laying – pipe from each manufacturing facility were intermingled during pipe laying and, the process of manufacturing and applying corrosion coating to the pipe is essentially seamless. After coating application, pipes were shipped to Mobile, Alabama and Port Manatee, Florida. Coated pipe were shipped via ocean going vessels geared with covered hatches. Vacuum 2 days. Upon arrival at Mobile, Alabama and Port Manatee, Florida, coated pipe were offloaded to trucks and shuttled to 517.0 11.9 633.4 9.1 0.82 0.02 3169 Dunkerque Works 528.4 15.9 624.5 11.7 0.85 0.02 286 Berg Steel Pipe 512.8 and Dunkerque were completed week of August 14, 2001. A total of 196 miles of pipe was shipped in 119 Steel Pipe were loaded in Port of Panama City, Florida and were shipped via open river barges through the Intercoastal cranes, with the ability to load approximately 23 short t of material at one time, were used to load coated my (14 mils) minimum, 406 my (16 mils) nominal n External Roughcoat: 76 my (3 mils) minimum n Internal Flow were consistent between expanded and nonexpanded pipe and pipe measured in SI units versus pipe measured in U.S. Customary units. to the loading destinations. Upon arrival in Theodore, Alabama and Port Manatee, Florida, concrete coating was applied by Bredero Price mm O.D. x 20.8 mm WT) Tab . 3 : Zugeigenschaften (914 mm AD x 20,8 mm WD) M i |
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| : Pipe Shipment Summary Tab . 4 : Überblick der Rohrlieferungen M i l Load ing Portt t Destt t Vessels (Avg. 600 ft.) 4 55836 68.4 Berg Steel Pipe Corp. Port of Panama City, FL Middel Bay Port, Mobile, 15 – 16 days Geared Vessels (Avg. 600 ft.) 1 16354 19.0 Port Manatee, FL 14 to 15 days Geared barges were involved in the offshore pipe lay: Spud Barge n Shallow water lay barge used in Mississippi sound in inatt t ion Portt t Trans itt t T ime Type off f Vessell l Number off f Sh ipmentt stall, 233 workers. Lay Barge 200 n Used in water depths greater than 15 m (50 ft.). n Capable of such uniform conditions. As a group, Europipe successfully managed Gulfstream’s demanding pipe supply schedule and rigorous pipe logistics. Tabe 4 water depths (6 to 15 m (20 to 50 ft. in Alabama and Florida state waters. n Capable of laying zu beachtenden technischen Regeln sowie zur Praxis der Gasrohrnetzüberprüfung. Es werden allgemeine Themen wie die Organisation und Qualitätssicherung, Gaseigenschaften und laying between 5 to 6 km (3 to 4 miles) per day. n 168 m (550 ft.) long (305 m of Europipe’s facilities to work in unison on one pipeline project and to compare expanded versus nonexpanded pipe products under – 16 days Geared Vessels (Avg. 600 ft.) 5.5 72493 85.5 Dunkerque Port of Dunkerque Middel Bay Port, Mobile, AL 481 3R international (42) Heft 7/2003 FACHBERICHTE Offshore Construction Stolt Offshore Inc. began offshore pipe laying during June 2001. Three AL 2 days Open River Barges 119 159524 195.9 Das Buch „Grundlagen und Praxis der Gasrohrnetzüberprüfung“ vermittelt wesentliche Grundlagen der (1000 ft.) with stinger), 5 fully automated welding stations, 1 automated UT and 2 field joint coating stations, 400 workers. Offshore pipe laying was completed in December 2001 and final testing, tieins, dewatering and drying was completed by May 8, der Gasrohrnetzüberprüfung VulkanVerlag, Essen 2002, 177 Seiten, 34,00 E FAXBESTELLSCHEIN Fax 0201/8200240 Name: Firma: Anschrift: Datum/Unterschrift: Exemplare ISBN 3802756142 long, 7 work stations, 1 automated UT stall, 4 spuds, 130 workers. Derrick Lay Barge 801 n Used in intermediate 2002. The pipeline went into service on May 28, 2002 approximately 16 months after large diameter pipe production started. Conclusion ts Tott tall l Tons Sh ipped Tott tall l M i les Sh ipped Muelheim Port of Bremen Middel Mississippi and Alabama. n Capable of laying up to 1219 m (4000 ft.) per day. n 152 m (500 ft.) Gefahrenpotenziale sowie die Unfallverhütung und Sicherungsmaßnahmen erläutert. Ferner werden Leitungsortung, Dokumentation, Auswertung sowie Personal und Unternehmensqualifikation diskutiert. Grundlagen und Praxis Bay Port, Mobile, AL 16 – 17 days Geared Vessels (Avg. 600 ft.) 5.5 76114 74.4 Port Manatee, FL 15 The Gulfstream Pipeline project was a landmark project for the Europipe group. The project provided the first opportunity for each up to 1.6 km (1 mile) per day. n 107 m (351 ft.) long, 7 work stations, 1 automated UT |
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